During a basketball game, referees use hand signals to communicate with players and coaches about important rules. It’s crucial for all basketball players and coaches to understand these basketball referee signals to avoid confusion during the game. Some of these hand signals are critical to the flow of the game, such as the ‘Start and Stop Clock’ signal that involves raising one hand straight over the head with the palms facing out and fingers pointed. Other hand signals are used to indicate fouls and player/coach violations.
For example, a traveling violation occurs when a player moves without dribbling the ball. The referee will signal this by extending his hands straight out, moving one up and down, and alternating them a few times. Another common hand signal is the ‘Lane Violation’, which indicates that an offensive player has stayed in the paint area (between the basket and half court line) for more than three seconds. This is indicated by the referee dropping one arm from shoulder height directly towards the floor.
If a player grabs an opponent, the referee will call a holding foul. This type of foul is also referred to as an elbow foul. This is called when a player aggressively hits an opponent in the elbow. The referee will indicate this by making a fist with one arm, holding it out and ‘grabbing’ the wrist with the other hand.